"I was consulted by people in Downing Street," he said. "I advised them that universal basic income was a good idea."

Universal basic income is a recurring cash payment made to all adults in a certain population regardless of their wealth and employment status — with no restrictions on how they spend the money. It's become a hot topic among AI researchers, futurists, and industry leaders as a way to mitigate AI's economic impact.

The idea is also gaining attention in countries like South Africa, Kenya, and India as a way to tackle poverty. And in the United States, numerous cities and some states have experimented with guaranteed basic incomes, which also give no-strings-attached monthly payments but to a targeted group of people.

In Hinton's view, AI will boost productivity and generate more wealth. But unless the government intervenes, it will only make the rich richer and hurt the people who might lose their jobs. "That's going to be very bad for society," he said.

Hinton advocates for a more cautious approach to AI development and says that in just 5 to 20 years, AI could be an "extinction-level threat" for humans.

Even those advocating more aggressive development believe governments should consider some sort of recurring payment to redistribute wealth.

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman — who's been racing to develop artificial general intelligence — is running his own experiment around a universal basic income, the results of which he expects to release soon. He also recently floated the idea of a "universal basic compute." Instead of receiving cash, everyone could receive a slice of a future large language model like GPT-7, he said.

"They can use it, they can resell it, they can donate it to somebody to use for cancer research," Altman said.