Introduction

The medical specialty of oncology is the detection and management of cancer it contains.

• Health oncology (the use of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, and other drugs to treat cancer), Oncology of radiation (the use of radiation therapy to treat cancer).
• Operative oncology (the use of surgery and other procedures to treat cancer).
• ·The main cause of death in the world is cancer.
• Estimated to have caused 9.6 million fatalities in 2018. About 1 in 6 fatalities worldwide are caused by cancer.
• About 70% of cancer-related fatalities take place in developing and middle-income nations.
• The five most important behavioral and dietary risk factors for cancer are a high body mass index, a poor consumption of fruits and vegetables, a lack of physical exercise, the use of tobacco, and alcohol.
• From the time of diagnosis to the end of life, physiotherapy is involved in the care, management, and rehabilitation of cancer patients. They are:
• To deploy competent interventions, which are essential for patients' independence, functional ability, and quality of life, it is necessary to conduct regular assessments of the needs of this patient group and their caregivers.
• Is it a crucial component of the multidisciplinary team, which is vital for the effective management and rehabilitation of cancer patients as well as palliative care?
• The provision of patient care and the patient's and family's capability to deal with the effects of the illness or its treatment on their functional capacity and quality of without the involvement of physiotherapy, life would suffer.

The field of medicine known as oncology deals with cancer prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and research. A tumor is a big mass that develops as a result of aberrant cell proliferation, which is referred to as cancer.

• Malignant tumors have the capacity to infect nearby tissues, spread across them, and in certain cases, separate into individual cells that metastasize (spread to other parts of the body).
• Benign tumors do not spread to nearby tissues or develop after being surgically removed.
• Genetic alterations are required to produce aberrant malignant cells since genes regulate how cells behave.
• Genetic alterations can result through mutations, which are adjustments to the nucleotide sequence of genomic DNA or from the acquisition or loss of chromosomes during mitosis, the process of cell division.

Causes

There are numerous factors that might cause cancer, but genetic abnormalities brought on by environmental and lifestyle factors account for 90-95% of instances. Genetic inheritance is to blame for the remainder. Numerous environmental factors are known to raise the chance of cancer development.

Carcinogens

Tobacco is the most notable of the many known carcinogens.

Tobacco

Around the world, tobacco use results in more than 7 million deaths per year. Of them, more than 6 million are directly related to smoking, but another 890,000 are due to exposure to secondhand smoke. In several nations, lung cancer mortality from 1990 has decreased as a result of recent declines in the smoking population.

Radiation

It has long been understood that radiation causes cancer. Studies initially concentrated on situations involving high radiation doses, and it became clear that people exposed to high doses of radiation had an increased risk of acquiring cancer. It is now understood that even low doses of radiation from X-ray machines can be harmful, particularly if exposure occurs frequently and early in life.

Air pollution has been linked to both a higher risk of cancer development and a lesser likelihood of a favorable outcome.

Obesity, Diet, and Exercise

In terms of risk and death from cancer, obesity has been identified as a contributing factor. Along with managing obesity, nutrition and exercise are important in preventing and treating cancer. Women who are physically active have a 20% to 40% lower risk of developing breast cancer, according to the World Health Organization. And in yet another study, also published in 2008, a group of 2987 women took part in a questionnaire-based study that revealed physical activity was linked to a better prognosis. Absence of physical activity can be harmful, despite the fact that it can also help prevent and improve prognosis.

Infections

The link between infections and cancer has long been established, and in 2002 it was estimated that 18% of malignant tumors could be linked to an infection.

Stress

There is evidence that stress negatively impacts the immune system and may play a role in the development and, in some circumstances, progression of cancer.

Clinical Oncology: Case Reports (Journal)

A peer-reviewed international journal dedicated to clinical and medical oncology and cancer research is called Clinical Oncology Case Reports. A high-impact multidisciplinary journal with an emphasis on clinical and medical research is COCR. All oncologists, including radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, gynecologic oncologists, and pediatric oncologists, are welcome to the journal. Each issue is carefully chosen to offer a blend of excellent original research, instructive case reports, and cutting-edge reviews. The journal covers multi-dimensional research on cancer-related topics such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, tumors therapy, radiation oncology, surgical oncology, neoplasms, radiotherapy, biomarkers, carcinogenesis, and other topics.

Journal focusing Areas

Anti-Cancer Drug, Cancer Epidemiology, medical oncology, gastrointestinal oncology, cancer gene therapy, monoclonal antibodies, Liver Oncology, cancer therapy, pancreatic cancer, Tumor Immunity.

Submission Link: https://www.scholarscentral.org/submissions/clinical-oncology-case-reports.html

Domain: oncologyreport.com